UN Eritrea 2023Annual Report

We are pleased to present the 2023 Annual Report of the United Nations in Eritrea. This report provides a detailed overview of the significant developments and outcomes stemming from the collaborative efforts of the United Nations Country Team (UNCT), the Government of the State of Eritrea, and our development partners. Together, we are working towards the realization of Eritrea’s national development priorities and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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Ethiopia’s Claims to the Red Sea

During a recent interview in September, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed stated that the Red Sea belonged to Ethiopia 30 years and ago, and that it would be theirs again. Prime Minister Abiy goes on to imply that due to Ethiopia’s size and internal needs, full control of the sea must be retained. The underlying implications of these statements are particularly important as they falsify history and undermine Eritrea’s rights of ownership to its borders and ports.

Eritrea and the Architecture of Post-War Order

Recently, The Economist published an article called “Africa’s most secretive dictatorship faces an existential crisis.” In this article, the author, Economist correspondent Tom Gardner, pins any and all issues Eritrea faces on its leader, Isaias Afewerki, and his personal vendettas with Ethiopian leadership. The problem with this argument, however, is that it is selectively historical – it picks and chooses which historical events to include to frame Eritrea’s current predicament; Gardner fails to situate Eritrea’s position in the geopolitical milieu that have produced its diplomatic issues. Below, I outline the necessary historical information to truly understand the problems that plague the Horn of Africa and threaten national Eritrean sovereignty, specifically.

Eritrea’s Foreign Policy Moves and U.S. Diplomatic Efforts

On September 26, 2025, Eritrea’s Foreign Minister Osman Saleh participated in the 80th United Nations General Assembly in New York, where he held talks with Massad Fares Boulos, Senior Advisor to President Trump on African Affairs, to discuss strengthening U.S.–Eritrea relations and potential collaboration on regional peace and security initiatives.

Africa Diaspora Day on the Hill

Policymakers, diplomats, and leaders from across the African continent and its diaspora gathered at the U.S. Capitol for the second annual Africa Diaspora Day on the Hill, a day-long forum aimed at strengthening ties between African communities and U.S. institutions. The event, held in the Congressional Auditorium, convened more than 150 participants for dialogue on investment, innovation, and the shared responsibility of advancing Africa’s future.

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